Heterosexuality
Defining heterosexuality
American feminist poet Adrienne Rich theorizes that patriarchal society treats heterosexuality as the baseline and enforce it upon people. Her theory of compulsory heterosexuality holds that social and cultural practices (from dating, fashion, to social expectations) perpetuate the ideology that women naturally prefer sexual relationships with men and act accordingly. Literature and film, according to this theory, frequently upholds this default position. An example is heterosexual interpretations of the legend of Romeo and Juliet (often touted as the greatest love story of all times) even though Shakespeare wrote the play for all-male casts with adolescent “boy actors” playing female parts such as Juliet. Here is a 1996 film version by Baz Luhrmann. It exemplifies a form of modern, compulsory heterosexuality.
Your Turn
Adrienne Rich suggests that the society is built around heterosexuality as an ideal. List three ways society taught you that heterosexuality is the default path. For example:
Media and Fairy Tales: Did movies or books show a female character’s primary goal as finding a male partner (or vice versa)?
Social Language: Do people assume a man and a woman eating lunch together are on a romantic date?
Further Reading
Rich, Adrienne. “Compulsory Heterosexuality and Lesbian Existence (1980),” Journal of Women’s History 15. 3 (2003): 11-48.
